Religion and the Meaning of Life Essay

As indicated by Frederich Nietzche, â€Å"A man who has a for what reason to live can endure any how†. To me this announcement gives huge understanding into the human experience: all individuals need a reason throughout everyday life. As people we need a helpful outlet through which we can contribute our contemplations, feelings, endeavors and energies. We need something to flourish for and endeavor toward. Religion, for some, individuals gives this outlet in life in a best way. It permits individuals to end up by losing themselves first. Religion urges administration to other people, magnanimity, absolution and plain qualities that permit individuals to uproot individual preferences and mental boundaries that are barriers on the way toward mindfulness and comprehension. Religion instructs that people are immediate manifestations of God. Because of this, the strict individual spots gigantic gravity into the meaning of being human. To the strict individual human life is sacrosanct along these lines every single person are treated as though they are holy elements. Nobility is fundamental to this experience and the strict individual carries on with a tolerable life dependent on the way that they think that its a grave treachery to take part in dehumanizing acts. A dehumanizing demonstration is any activity that subverts the estimation of being human, and on the grounds that human life to the strict individual is holy; rewarding others and oneself with deference is a piece of the set of working responsibilities. Strict individuals likewise are intensely centered around staying faithful to conventions and spot overwhelming accentuation on the idea of harmony through functions, customs and even festivals. Strict individuals assemble and meet up in a gathering of common comprehension of one another’s convictions and qualities, and regard for the attributes that make people interesting. This is the way strict foundations have made due all through the ages. Individuals of assorted types meet up dependent on a common comprehension of similar certainties. Coming together structures a family-like air that fortifies elements inside individual families and reinforces relational bonds among all individuals whom the strict individual experiences. The strict individual carries on with an existence of graciousness, effortlessness and nobility featured by solidarity, faithfulness and reasonableness. These ideas are essential to turning into a very much coordinated individual which is the key part to finding one’s reason and significance throughout everyday life. When an individual increases a feeling of direction, different parts of their lives become alright based around what that individual decides to life for. At the point when an individual lives for their confidence, their lives are based around ethics that support respect for every single person and a certified discerning of exemplary nature. This is the reason strict individuals have a solid feeling of self, yet in addition have resolute character situated in a strong friendship for humankind.

Nitric Oxide Synthase Impairment for Baroreflex Dysfunction

Nitric Oxide Synthase Impairment for Baroreflex Dysfunction Harmit Bindra Basic Appraisal: Impairment of Nitric Oxide Synthase yet Not Heme Oxygenase Accounts for Baroreflex Dysfunction Caused by Chronic Nicotine in Female Rats Lay Abstract Presentation: The baroreflex or baroreceptor affectability is a physiological parameter that controls changes in circulatory strain. Baroreflex brokenness is thought to add to a large number of the cardiovascular changes brought about by ceaseless admission of nicotine. Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) can be combined in the endothelial cells by the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and hemeoxygenase (HO), separately. Restraint of NOS and HO interceded pathways have been thought to cause decrease in baroreflex affectability like that of nicotine. This investigation focuses on these two pathways and their potential cooperations trying to invert the falling apart cardiovascular impacts brought about by nicotine. Strategies: The affectability of baroreflex was dictated by estimating changes in pulse in light of changes in mean blood vessel pressure incited by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and phenylephrine (PE). SNP and PE apply these cardiovascular changes by influencing the distance across of veins. Six gatherings of cognizant female rodents were utilized (6-8 rodents/gathering) to examine the impact of NOS on the baroreflex brokenness brought about by nicotine. Rodents were dealt with either with nicotine or saline answer for about fourteen days. Baroreflex bends utilizing irregular portions of SNP and PE were acquired in cognizant betrays day 14 in the wake of treating these rodents with L-NAME (inhibitor of NOS), L-arginine (substrate of NOS) or saline answer for 15 minutes. In a subsequent report, another gathering of 7 rodents treated with nicotine was utilized to see if HO hindrance by zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) nullifies the baroreflex reaction incited by L-arginine. Baroreflex affectability was estimated subsequent to treating rodents with L-arginine and ZnPP for 15 minutes. At long last, the impacts of the inducer and inhibitor of HO, hemin and ZnPP separately, were examined on the baroreflex brokenness. Results: Inhibition of NOS utilizing L-NAME caused a comparative decrease in the baroreflex reaction as nicotine. This impact could be turned around with L-arginine. No further decrease in baroreflex reaction was apparent in rodents treated with both nicotine and L-NAME. Strangely, HO inhibitor prompted no decrease in baroreflex reaction and didn't switch any progressions in baroreflex action brought about by nicotine. This infers there is no immediate job of HO intervened pathways in the nicotinic-baroreflex action. Actually, there was an expansion in baroreflex action when HO movement was encouraged. Taking everything into account, hindrance of NOS is answerable for decrease in baroreflex affectability brought about by nicotine. Foundation data and method of reasoning for completing the work Smoking cigarettes is one of the most settled aims of mortality on the planet and it is notable for its staggering consequences for the personal satisfaction and the effect it has on the families, including their mental, social and physical prosperity. Most of the hurtful cardiovascular impacts of smoking emerge from the utilization of nicotine. Ceaseless admission of nicotine has been appeared to lessen baroreceptor reflexes by diminishing the responsiveness of stretch receptors in the carotid sinus along with blood vessel consistence (Ashworth-Preece et al., 1998; Giannattasio et al., 1994). Nitric oxide (NO) is profoundly receptive gas, incorporated by means of three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase, including endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS), neuronal nitric oxide (nNOS) and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS). NO has been associated with different physiological pathways. For example, eNOS brings about blood vessel vasodilation by causing unwinding of vascular smooth muscles (Prado et al., 2011). nNOS assumes a significant job in neuronal movement by filling in as a synapse. iNOS is created by the phagocytes to attack the microscopic organisms as a major aspect of safe reaction. NO has a capacity to diffuse through and go about as an intracellular delegate. It has been embroiled in reinforcing the neurotransmitters (long haul potentiation) in learning and cause NMDA instigated neurotoxicity in Parkinson’s infection (Taqatqeh et al., 2009). In an examination did utilizing brainstem cores of rodents, it was discovered that hindering NOS in the focal sensory system decre ased baroreflex initiation (Lo et al., 1996). Carbon monoxide (CO) has for some time been viewed as a poisonous gas because of its high fondness for hemoglobin over oxygen. As opposed to prevalent thinking, our body cells can likewise orchestrate CO by means of heme oxygenase (HO) a compound that outcomes in the age of CO by catalyzing the transformation of heme to biliverdin (Abraham Kappas., 2008). It has been built up that hindrance of CO framed by HO diminishes reflex movement just as bradycardic reaction incited by glutamate in the core of the single tract (Lin et al., 2004). Different examinations have freely discovered that hindrance of HO initiated CO builds circulatory strain fundamentally (Zhang et al., 2001). Strikingly, there appear to be a type of communication going on between NO/NOS and CO/HO pathways (Li et al., 2009). To be sure, the endogenous impacts of these two atoms are incited by the actuation of dissolvable guanylate cyclase and a further increment in the degrees of cGMP (Tzeng., 2009). In spite of the fact that there is a crosslink between these pathways, it has not been looked into whether interference of these arbiters alone or disturbance in their shared communication is liable for the baroreceptor brokenness intervened by nicotine. Ways to deal with the inquiry The examination was part into two gatherings to assess the job of NO/NOS and CO/HO pathways in nicotine initiated baroreflex sorrow. In a first report, six little gatherings of female rodents, going from 6-8 in each gathering, were utilized to contemplate the impact of NOS on the baroreflex brokenness. Three of these gatherings were given intraperitoneal nicotine for about fourteen days utilizing a dose of 2mg/kg/day, while the rest of the gatherings were treated with saline arrangement. These rodents were cannulated intravascularly on day 12. Baroreflex bends utilizing SNP and PE were acquired in cognizant betrays day 14 in the wake of treating these rodents with L-NAME, L-arginine or saline answer for 15 minutes. In a subsequent report, another gathering of 7 rodents treated with nicotine were utilized to see if HO hindrance by ZnPP nullifies the baroreflex reaction incited by L-arginine. Baroreceptor affectability was estimated subsequent to treating rodents with L-arginine and ZnPP for 15 minutes. The affectability of baroreceptors was controlled by estimating changes in pulse in light of changes in mean blood vessel pressure incited by vasoactive medications, for example, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and phenylephrine (PE). This was done utilizing relapse investigation. Randomized dosages SNP and PE portions, running from 1 to 16â µg/kg, were infused intravenously to get a baroreflex bend. A file of baroreflex movement was found by communicating the incline of the relapse line as beats/min/mmHg. In the last piece of the examination, the impacts of the inducer and inhibitor of HO, hemin and ZnPP separately, were explored on the baroreceptor brokenness prompted by nicotine. This was finished utilizing 5 distinct gatherings (5-8 female rodents/gathering) for a fourteen days time span in which baroreflex testing was done utilizing hemin, ZnPP, hemin + L-NAME, hemin + ODQ (guanylate cyclase inhibitor), and CORM-2 (CO discharging specialist). Two further benchmark groups were utilized in which rodents got saline answer for about fourteen days and the baroreflex readings were then taken post-treatment with hemin or CORM-2. To gauge the movement of NOS and HO, rodents were treated with nicotine or saline for about fourteen days in the nearness or nonappearance of hemin and their brainstem was dismembered and freezed at - 80C. Key Results and examination Both nicotine and NOS/NO pathway hindrance delivered a comparable impact on baroreflex movement. Rodents treated with nicotine demonstrated diminished inclines in the baroreflex bends showed by PE and SNP in contrast with the saline treated rodents, recommending a decreased baroreflex reaction. In rodents treated with nicotine, there was a decline from 2.1â ±0.2 ms/mmHg to 1.1â ±0.2 ms/mmHg in the baroreflex affectability showed by the PE. A comparative decrease from 0.9â ±0.1 ms/mmHg to 0.4â ±0.1 ms/mmHg was found in the baroreflex affectability showed by SNP. These outcomes were factually noteworthy (P In short outline, the investigation was very clear in clarifying the inclusion of NO/NOS pathway in the decrease of baroreflex action brought about by nicotine. Above all else, repressing NOS utilizing L-NAME caused comparable decrease in baroreflex reaction as nicotine. Also, this impact could be switched with the substrate of NOS (L-arginine). Thirdly, having both nicotine and L-NAME didn't cause any further decrease in baroreflex reaction. The restraint of HO by ZnPP had no impact on the baroreflex affectability in nicotine treated rodents, inferring that there is no immediate job of HO pathway in the nicotinic-baroreflex action. Any reduction in baroreflex affectability by nicotine could be turned around with hemin as the bend veered off additional towards saline treated rodents. Strangely, when rodents were treated with L-NAME or with ODQ, the defensive impact of hemin to switch the decrease in baroreflex affectability was not, at this point clear. This proposed the underlying decrease in baroreflex reaction was most likely because of an expanded movement of NOS that was no longer observed when L-NAME was utilized. Without a doubt, the movement of HO and NOS was found to increment in the brainstem tissue of rodents treated with nicotine within the sight of hemin. Together, these discoveries infer that NOS is a downstream pathway answerable for changes in baroreflex affectability and hemin is some way or another takin g care of into this pathway and enacting it to encourage baroreflex reaction. There was no decrease in barore

Essay Sample Stop and Frisk

Essay Sample Stop and Frisk Police officers have a goal to protect every innocent human being. Very often, it is quite complicated to do this, but it is necessary to do their best to accomplish this goal. Stop and frisk program was created in order to prevent crimes. In general, it means that when a police officer sees a suspicious person, he or she has a right to stop him/her, ask questions and check where he/she has a gun or contraband. From the first sight, it looks quite effective. However, it is quite a debatable question, because it is hard to understand whether stop and frisk program is more good or bad for the society. This program can be quite effective, which is also shown in practice. There are a great number of cases when polices officers stopped suspicious people and prevented crimes or found contraband. However, there is always a chance that a person is innocent, which make him/her feel him/herself quite uncomfortable. Yet, this wouldn’t be a serious problem, if this the police officers treated all people equally. Unfortunately, according to the statistics, the number of African American and Latin people stopped by the police is much higher than the number of white people. About 90% of all people stopped by the police officers are not white, and about 88% people are innocent. Racial discrimination is a result of this program. However, most of the police officers state that they do not do anything wrong. They explain their actions as a necessity. In most of the cases, the areas where people are stopped and asked questions are adverse. Unfortunately, exactly the people of color live in such areas. In other words, the police officers explain their actions as the right ones because they are done in the crime hot spots. Moreover, it is very hard to prove that the police officers do something wrong, because the law allows such actions. A lot of the police officers think that the stop and frisk program is quite effective at reducing the number of gun offenses and violent crimes. Yet, people who always become suspects don’t think like that. There is a great number of examples that can prove that this program has changed the lives of many people in a bad way. One of the brightest examples is handshaking. Teenagers that live in the adverse areas are afraid of handshaking. They do not do this because they know that any police officer can think that they have deals with the drugs. Isn’t it quite unfair? The other vivid example of the discrimination and bad effect of the stop and frisk program is that people are afraid to go outside. One teenager was stopped by the police about 200 times, however, he never did anything wrong. As a result, he feels uncomfortable outside, and have no desire to leave his home. Such attitude of the police changes people’s lives, and usually, these changes aren’t positive. Both, the people of color and white people, think that stop and frisk program isn’t a good idea when it comes to racial discrimination. The good effect it has can approve the harmful effect on the citizens of the country. A great number of people are afraid of the stop and frisk program and want to get rid of it in order to have a more calm life than they have now. Yet, it is possible to find a compromise. If to update the law in order to protect the innocent people, the situation will become better. It won’t fully solve the problem, but it will reduce the number of people who suffer from the stop and frisk program.

The History of the Transistor

The transistor is an influential little invention that changed the course of history in a big way for computers and all electronics. History of Computers You can look at the computer as being made of many different inventions or components. We can name four key inventions that made a huge impact on computers. An impact large enough that they can be referred to as a generation of change. The first generation of computers depended upon the invention of vacuum tubes; for the second generation it was transistors; for the third, it was the integrated circuit; and the fourth generation of computers came about after the invention of the microprocessor. The Impact of Transistors Transistors transformed the world of electronics and had a huge impact on computer design. Transistors made of semiconductors replaced tubes in the construction of computers. By replacing bulky and unreliable vacuum tubes with transistors, computers could now perform the same functions, using less power and space. Before transistors, digital circuits were composed of vacuum tubes. The story of ENIAC computer speaks volumes about the disadvantages of vacuum tubes in computers. A transistor is a device composed of semiconductor materials (germanium and silicon) that can both conduct and insulate Transistors switch and modulate electronic current. The transistor was the first device designed to act as both a transmitter, converting sound waves into electronic waves, and resistor, controlling electronic current. The name transistor comes from the trans of transmitter and sistor of resistor. The Transistor Inventors John Bardeen, William Shockley, and Walter Brattain were all scientists at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey. They were researching the behavior of germanium crystals as semiconductors in an attempt to replace vacuum tubes as mechanical relays in telecommunications. The vacuum tube, used to amplify music and voice, made long-distance calling practical, but the tubes consumed power, created heat and burned out rapidly, requiring high maintenance. The teams research was about to come to a fruitless end when the last attempt to try a purer substance as a contact point lead to the invention of the first point-contact transistor amplifier. Walter Brattain and John Bardeen were the ones who built the point-contact transistor, made of two gold foil contacts sitting on a germanium crystal. When electric current is applied to one contact, the germanium boosts the strength of the current flowing through the other contact. William Shockley improved upon their work creating a junction transistor with sandwiches of N- and P-type germanium. In 1956, the team received the Nobel Prize in Physics for the invention of the transistor. In 1952, the junction transistor was first used in a commercial product, a Sonotone hearing aid. In 1954, the first transistor radio, the Regency TR1 was manufactured. John Bardeen and Walter Brattain took out a patent for their transistor. William Shockley applied for a patent for the transistor effect and a transistor amplifier.

Juvenile Detention A Second Chance Towards Life

Saurabh Dekate Professor Patricia Loughrey English 301B 23rd September 2014 Juvenile Detention, a second chance towards life The juvenile court established in Chicago in 1899 defines a juvenile as a youth who is not old enough to be held responsible for his crimes. Every state has a standard threshold for age, which classifies the person as an adult or minor. Accordingly, they are prosecuted in the adult or juvenile courts as per their age. United States have experienced an increase in its crime rate in the last few decades. The number of juvenile crimes has increased exponentially. Many of these juveniles are accused of hideous crimes such as murder and rape. But all the juvenile crime does not take place in the same circumstances. For such juveniles, who are basically unaware of their actions, can be reformed in rehabilitation centers. During the trial of Graham, who was accused of armed robbery. Attorney Roper V. Simmons argued that, â€Å"From a moral standpoint, it would be misguided to equate the failings of a minor with those of an adult, for a greater possibility exists that a minor’s chara cter deficiencies will be reformed.†. He believed that due to lack of sense of responsibility and maturity, the minors have a high probability of being vulnerable to bad influences. And he also believes that reforming the psychology of minors is more probable than as compared to that of adults. He wanted Graham to get one more chance to prove himself as a man who would be honest andShow MoreRelated No Prison Time for Juvenile Crime and Violence Essay882 Words   |  4 Pages No Prison Time for Juvenile Crime nbsp; Students are shooting up schools across the country. Kids as young as twelve and thirteen are being convicted of murdering their peers. Right here in Hanover, two teens have been charged with the murders of Dartmouth professors. 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Essay- How Computers Benefit Businesses - 1140 Words

The business world of the 21st century is becoming more demanding and challenging as operations grew bigger and more complex with projects that need to be done in smaller time frames. There is very little room for even slight errors and mistakes; as such errors can cost businessmen millions of dollars. Therefore, reliable workforces are much needed to get projects done quickly as well as efficiently. This is why computer-aided tasks are becoming an increasingly popular trend nowadays. The first generation of computers dates back to as early as the 1940 s. The computers of that time however proved to be a hassle just to run and maintain it to be of any use to businesses of the times. It was very huge, extremely sluggish and slow but†¦show more content†¦Errors only occur if data or instructions itself that are being keyed into the computer contains error. This is very important for companies to avoid problems, because a slight error can be costly as mentioned earlier. A good example is when an accountant is doing hefty financial calculations, if there s even a slight mistake in the calculation; the whole account needs to be recalculated, which will take a lot of time. With the help of computers, such problems do not exist. Computers have the ability to store data in its storage media. This means previous transactions, client database and other form of business-related information can be stored electronically inside a computer for future reference. This is very useful as it replaces the obsolete method of keeping records in files and papers inside cabinets, in a more secure manner where these data can be protected with a password. Not only that, computers have the ability to search for specific file, record or other form of information using the integrated search tool. This process is much faster compared to the process of searching for files in cabinets manually, saving invaluable time. Modern computers are very reliable and have low failure rate. 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Memorandum Civil Legal Aid System Ireland

Question: Discuss about the Memorandumfor Civil Legal Aid System Ireland. Answer: Memorandum To: Mr. Dan (Client) From: Lawyer Date: January 12, 2017 File no: 200045-3 Re: Civil legal Aid System in Ireland for playing of loud music by the neighbors causing annoyance to Mr.Dan. Facts : An individual is seeking advice while taking action in a civil litigation matter against his neighbors who played loud music and cause nuisance all night causing disturbance to others. Our client is Mr. Dan who is seeking legal aid against his neighbors who created nuisance playing loud music all night. Mr. Dan, our client is the originator of the lawsuit, plaintiff. Issue: Mr. Dan wants to file a civil litigation matter as against his neighbours for playing loud music all night and creating a nuisance. What are the legal aid services available to him? Discussion: Lawsuit is taken in action in case where there is a nuisance. Action is taken under law of nuisance. Lawsuits, which invoke law of nuisance, involve neighbors suing their neighbors for creating a nuisance, which causes harm or disturbance to the neighbors. When the plaintiff brings a n action against his neighbor he clearly clarifies that the neighbor should stop interfering with his enjoyment and thus the action must be stopped. Nuisance is categorized under two heads: private nuisance and public nuisance.[1] In our case, it is a public nuisance, which caused disturbance to Mr. Dan. Public nuisance is anything that causes damage to the health, welfare, safety and comfort of the public.[2] The main regulation that deals with noise pollution comes under the Environmental Protection Ac t, 1992(EPA).[3] There are vast variances of noise pollution in Ireland and which the EPA regulates. Under the law, noise pollution means various things, like noise: which is regarded to be a nuisance, that causes a damage to the property, causes harm to human health, affects the comfort of the public in general, which harms the environment. The Department of the Environmental, Community and Local Government in 1994 looked into the matter of noise pollution and made regulations under the EPA, 1992( Noise) Regulations 1994.[4] Under these regulations, a person can make a complaint to a District Court seeking Order to deal with noise, which causes disturbance or annoyance to him. Under the second stage debate in Dail, a Private Members Bill was passed on November 2006, which clearly states the noise, which causes disturbance, or annoyance to neighbors is regarded to be anti-social kind of noise pollution.[5] Section 108 of the EPA, 1992 states that noise that is so loud as to create disturbance or continuing annoyance to the neighbors is classified as nuisance and an action can be brought against it. Ireland does not set out the maximum level of noise in its legislation. The complaints looked into by the District Court. The District Court hears both the sides and then gives his decision telling the person creating the nuis ance to lower the sound to certain level.[6] As mentioned under the law when a a complaint brought against the neighbor is unsuccessful then the case is brought to the District Court. The Clerk in the District Court advices how to make a complaint in relation to noise. The clerk provides an application form called a Notice of Intention to make a complaint. The applicable charge is 22, which is served to the neighbor.[7] In the case of Kennaway v Thompson[1981] QB 88Court of Appeal , the defendant in this case is a member of the Cotswold Motor Boat Racing Club who carried out motor boat racing. Since 1960s the boat racing took place.[8] The claimant moved into house built on a land, which is 390 yards from the motor racing clubs starting line. The clubs water was often used for national and international races, which increased over the period. The claimant bought an action against the club against nuisance of noise and disturbance caused by the club. The claimant was successful in her claims and awarded damages by the Court from the Motor Racing club. However, the judge refused to give injunction.[9] Christie v Davey(1893) 1 Ch 316, the claimant in this case was a music teacher who gave private lessons of music at her home. She also taught music to her family members and loved playing loud music. She stayed in a semi-attached house with the defendant. The defendant raised a complaint against the claimant for noise on many occasions and banged the walls of the claimant. The defendants action regarded as malice by the Court and did not amount to nuisance. The Court gave injunction to stop the acts of the defendant.[10] In Murdoch Murdoch v Glacier Metal Company Limited [1998] Env.L.R.732 it was held by the Court of Appeal that noise which is set up by the World Health Organization does not amount to actionable nuisance per se. It was not really the case that there was a customary law annoyance if rest in a house in a zone of blended uses was exasperates by clamor. In spite of the fact that the topic of rest unsettling influence was a critical matter to consider, it was important to consider the general circumstance.[11] In considering the measures of the normal individual and the character of the area when choosing whether the clamor was adequately genuine to add up to an aggravation, the trial judge had connected the correct test. The absence of objections by other nearby occupants, the nearness of a by-go in closeness to Murdoch home and proof from the neighborhood natural wellbeing officer that there was no statutory annoyance were applicable contemplations, and the judges choice would in this way be maintained.[12] Application: Public nuisance under the Act is defined as a nuisance, which cause unreasonable discomfort to the public in general. An act, which affects the well-being of the neighbors, regarded to be as nuisance. Under Section 108 of the EPA, 1992 defines the term public nuisance. The main elements has to public nuisance are; unreasonableness harm caused by the defendant, continuing the act of the nuisance over a period. Under Section 108 of the EPA, 1992 a noise that is loud enough to cause continuous and repeated harm or disturbance, or annoyance to a person who is residing in the nearby locality or to a person who uses the public place, such person or Agency can make a complaint against the person creating the nuisance.[13] The complaint is made to the District Court and the Court then can pass an order as against the person causing the nuisance to take measures to reduce the noise to a certain level. Such person must comply with such order. In order to overcome the damages the d efendant has to prove good defense that the noise he made wasnt unreasonable and he took enough care to cause any harm to the neighborhood. Remedies include damages and injunction to continue with such act and comply with the order of the Court. Public nuisance is termed as anything that causes harm to the safety, health and welfare of the public in general. When the rules laid down under the law is applied in the case of Mr. Dan, the client we see that he has faced reasonable harm by his neighbors while they played loud music in their premises.[14]The loud music played by his neighbors caused annoyance and nuisance, which affected the well-being and comfort of Mr.Dan. Again in the case of Kennaway v Thompson[1981] QB 88Court of Appeal the court held that the motor racing club is liable to pay damages for the noise caused by them in the nearby neighborhood. The noise caused by the motor racing club caused reasonable annoyance to the claimant. The claimant was liable to damages but i njunction was not put on the motor racing club. When we apply the scenario of this case in the case of Mr.Dan we can say that Mr.Dan is liable to get damages for the nuisance caused to him by the neighbors.[15] In the Christie v Daveythe claimant was not liable to get damages because the defendants act was regarded as malice and thus injunction was issued on the defendant. The noise caused did not cause annoyance to the neighbor.[16] Summary and Conclusion When read altogether and analyzed the effect of the rules laid down under the EPA and the case laws referred are as follows. Any person who does not abide by the rulings of the Court is guilty of an offence. The playing of loud music by the neighbors all night so the neighbors were liable to pay damages disturbed the client Mr. Dan. A compensatory damage is applied to the damage caused by the defendants nuisance. Punitive damages are charged when the damages caused is intentional. Research Trial Looked at The EPA at 40: An Historical Perspective By Andrews, Richard N. L Duke Environmental Law Policy Forum, Vol. 21, No. 2, Spring 2011 Found information laid down in Section 108 of the Environmental Protection Act, 1992. Westlaw Manupatra Hard copy readings Out of Bounds, out of Control: Regulatory Enforcement at the EPABy James V. DelongCato Institute, 2002 The EPA at 40: An Historical PerspectiveBy Andrews, Richard N. LDuke Environmental Law Policy Forum, Vol. 21, No. 2, Spring 2011 Public Policies for Environmental ProtectionBy Paul R. Portney; Robert N. StavinsResources for the Future, 2000 (2nd edition) Environmental Justice and the New Pluralism: The Challenge of Difference for EnvironmentalismBy David SchlosbergOxford University Press, 1999 Environmental Noise Pollution in the United States: Developing an Effective Public Health Response by-Monica S. Hammer, Tracy K. Swinburn, and Richard L. Neitzel Journals Noise pollution: non-auditory effects on healthby Stephen A Stansfeld ,Mark P Matheson Br Med Bull (2003) 68 (1): 243-257. Published01 December 2003 Civil legal Assistance- Social Issue Report.pdf Legal Databases Legal periodicals through IRLI legalperiodicals.org Court Services courts.ie Houses of the Oireachtas oireachtas.ie Europa europa.ie The Law Reform Commission www.lawreform.ie Irish current law statutes- Section 108 of the Environmental Protection Act 1992. Irish Reports Bishop, Charlotte. "Rule that proof of domestic violence for legal aid purposes must be less than 24 months old declared invalid."Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law38.3 (2016): 330-332. King, E. A., et al. "A combined assessment of air and noise pollution on the High Line, New York City."Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment42 (2016): 91-103. Books Angelo, Tony, Geoff McLay, and Bevan Marten. "Bill Atkin: Colleague, mentor, teacher, friend."Victoria University of Wellington Law Review46.3 (2015): 575. Austin, Graeme W. "Guts of a Torts Class, The."Victoria U. Wellington L. Rev.46 (2015): 769. Bugliarello, George, Ariel Alexandre, and John Barnes.The Impact of Noise Pollution: A Socio-Technological Introduction. Elsevier, 2014. Can, Arnaud, Gwenal Guillaume, and Benot Gauvreau. "Noise indicators to diagnose urban sound environments at multiple spatial scales."Acta Acustica united with Acustica101.5 (2015): 964-974. Charles Palmer, Robert. "Common law environmental protection: the future of private nuisance, Part II."International Journal of Law in the Built Environment6.1/2 (2014): 106-128. Cornford, Tom.Towards a public law of tort. Routledge, 2016 Stech, Radoslaw. "Carrot and Stick Approach: An Analysis of the UK Government's Proposals on Environmental Judicial Review, A."Envtl. L. Rev.15 (2013): 139. Vago, Steven.Law and society. Routledge, 2015. Votsi, Nefta-Eleftheria P., Athanasios S. Kallimanis, and Ioannis D. Pantis. "An environmental index of noise and light pollution at EU by spatial correlation of quiet and unlit areas."Environmental Pollution(2016). References Angelo, Tony, Geoff McLay, and Bevan Marten. "Bill Atkin: Colleague, mentor, teacher, friend."Victoria University of Wellington Law Review46.3 (2015): 575. Austin, Graeme W. "Guts of a Torts Class, The."Victoria U. Wellington L. Rev.46 (2015): 769. Bugliarello, George, Ariel Alexandre, and John Barnes.The Impact of Noise Pollution: A Socio-Technological Introduction. Elsevier, 2014. Can, Arnaud, Gwenal Guillaume, and Benot Gauvreau. "Noise indicators to diagnose urban sound environments at multiple spatial scales."Acta Acustica united with Acustica101.5 (2015): 964-974. Charles Palmer, Robert. "Common law environmental protection: the future of private nuisance, Part II."International Journal of Law in the Built Environment6.1/2 (2014): 106-128. Cornford, Tom.Towards a public law of tort. Routledge, 2016. Davis, Rickie. "Long-term noise exposures: A brief review."Hearing Research(2016). Gillespie, Alisdair.The English legal system. Oxford University Press, 2013. Lee, Maria. "The Intersection between Environmental Law and Tort Law."Glicksman and Paddock, Environmental Decision Making (Edward Elgar), Forthcoming(2015). Morrow, Karen. "II. 3 The courts, nuisance and environmental pollutiona matter of will?."Decision Making in Environmental Law(2016): 52. Murphy, Enda, and Eoin King.Environmental Noise Pollution: Noise Mapping, Public Health, and Policy. Newnes, 2014. Palmer, Robert Charles. "Common law environmental protection: the future of private nuisance, Part II."International Journal of Law in the Built Environment6.1/2 (2014): 106. Portney, Paul R., ed.Public policies for environmental protection. Routledge, 2016. Stech, Radoslaw. "Carrot and Stick Approach: An Analysis of the UK Government's Proposals on Environmental Judicial Review, A."Envtl. L. Rev.15 (2013): 139. Vago, Steven.Law and society. Routledge, 2015. Votsi, Nefta-Eleftheria P., Athanasios S. Kallimanis, and Ioannis D. Pantis. "An environmental index of noise and light pollution at EU by spatial correlation of quiet and unlit areas."Environmental Pollution(2016).

Computer Technology Essays - Systems Analysis, Systems Analyst

Computer Technology The Net, a feature film from Sony Pictures, details the high-tech drama of Angela Bennett (played by Sandra Bullock) who is a computer systems analyst. When she accidentally gains access to a classified program, she becomes trapped in a web of mystery and conspiracy. However, the film failed to win over movie audiences and one reason might be that most people in the movie going public are still unaware as to exactly what a computer systems analyst does. According to Webster's New World Dictionary (1359-1360), a computer systems analyst is someone who designs an efficient computer system for a particular business, project, etc., while the process of analyzing systems is defined as an engineering technique that breaks down complex technical, social, etc. problems into basic elements whose interrelations are evaluated and programmed, with the aid of mathematics, into a compete and Integrated system. While it is true that today's high-technology world demands the competitive organization employs computer systems analysts in order to integrate their information, management, accounting, manufacturing and distribution sales systems. This analysis will describe the typical responsibilities of the computer systems analyst, including the job market and outlook for the career that may be one of the most misunderstood occupations in modern times. The computer systems analysts is often misunderstood because they speak a techno-language that sounds more Greek than Greek, with common words like Sat, FoxPro, VB-4, C++ Himmelberg (8G), often leaving non-analysts scratching their heads. However, the development of efficient software and hardware systems is an increasingly essential and vital function to business operations and success. Despite the usually unknown methods and skills of the computer systems analyst, they are not a solitary player in the organization but rather an integrated member of a team. In their efforts to design effective computer systems whose hardware and software enables the organization to operate smoothly and competitively, the analyst must often work with all persons involved in the flow of information within the company. They deal with programmers, clients, managers and others to develop and implement different software to enable the company to take maximum advantage of managing information and achieving competitive advantage with technology. The typical systems development life cycle is as follows: 1) Initiation, 2) Project Planning, 3) Analysis, 4) Logical Design, 5) Physical Design, 6) Implement, 7) Maintain (What 3). The systems analysts must understand that information systems are a combination of process and data. There are key differences between process orientation and data orientation but most system needs have a combination of elements of the two or use both orientations to a degree. The main distinctions between a process-oriented system and a data oriented system are listed in the table below: PROCESS ORIENTATION DATA ORIENTATION Focuses on what the system is supposed to do Data the system needs to operate Data files are designed for each individual application Data needs do not change as Rapidly as processed Much controlled duplication Data files designed for enterprise Limited, controlled duplication (What 5) Throughout the public and private sectors, computer systems are needed for a variety of purposes and to perform a variety of functions. From hooking up local area Frag networks (LANs) or wide area networks (WANs) to ordering, implementing or even designing customized software. The following duties or services are some of the most common ones performed by these often mysterious workers. Analyze and find computer solutions to clients' information processing, database or computation needs; Write requirement specifications for computer programs, identifying steps in the program and required algorithms; Test and implement computer programs and provide user training; Plan and implement computer security systems for database access control; Analyze databases, develop database directories and generate and maintain databases; and Supervise computer programmers or other systems analysts or serve as project leaders (Computer 1). Because of the highly technical nature of their field, computer systems analysts are one of the most sought after occupations today, both by those seeking to find employment and those searching to employ them. In fact, there is such a demand for computer systems analysts at the moment, that they often make a terrific base salary and are wooed by companies. These companys offer them many benefits that go along with being a computer systems analysts, like good wages,

Large Electrical Appliances Essays

Large Electrical Appliances Essays Large Electrical Appliances Essay Large Electrical Appliances Essay John Lewis offers a second year free on all White Goods. This is one of the extra services that distinguishes John Lewis above other stores. This was something that was decided centrally and is offered by all Large Electrical departments in all stores in the partnership.  When customers come into the department it is usually for two reasons. They are the high level of service that they have become accustomed to and the free two-year guarantee that is offered. The guarantee covers a number of things including accidental damage, loss of frozen food, and mechanical failure with an appliance. The guarantee starts from the date of purchase, which is where we have problems with customers. Delivery is never possible on the same day the order is placed and many customers question the fact that they are losing out on time of the Two year guarantee. Unfortunately there is no way around this problem. The Customer Service Manager is trained to deal with complaint and explains to the customer that the problem lies with the insurance company John Lewis uses, Landmark as that is the date that is printed on the bill. Changes with this could be made to print the delivery date on the bill. I have been assured by the manager of the Large Electrical that this is a point that has been raised at Head Office. He also said that customers do leave the department after having brought up the point as the CSM point out that they do have the customers best interest at heart as they offer the extra years guarantee in the first place. I was also told that the CSM explains to the customer, if a problem arose with the machine in the time gap that isnt covered in the two years something can usually be worked out with the customer. These are just a few examples of how Customer service strategies are used in the Large Electrical Department to ensue that customers are happy with the service that they receive from John Lewis. They also highlight that even with these strategies there are problems that need to be addressed for perfect customer services.  These new strategies in the department have helped the department to meet its own objective in a number of ways. The Large Electrical Department has set a number of its own objectives so that is has its own targets to meet. These objectives are:- To provide an efficient service to our customers  To provide a reliable service to our customers  To provide a knowledgeable service to our customers  The Ticketing System  The new ticketing system has proved to be very successful with both the customers and the Selling Partners in the department. This has been noticed by the Customer Service Manager from comments he has received from customers after having been served in the department. Comments from the Partners show that they also like the system as they feel that it is less stressful as the department is more orderly. This system helps the department to run more efficiently as it is clear exactly who is the next customer to be served. It also means that the right Partners with the correct knowledge serve the correct people.  This does however raise the question of why dont all the partners have the full extensive knowledge on all the products and systems in the department. This is one of the Partnerships objectives and by showing that staff arent able to deal with all the customers that come into the department. Customer care is good as the Customer Service Manager links the suitable Selling Partner to the customer. This would be even better if all staff were able to deal with the customers. This makes it clear that not all the employees have the thorough training stated in the Partnerships aims. This is a point that needs to looked into to improve performance.  Telesales  As with the ticketing system the introduction of the telesales department has been a major success and has relieved the Large Electrical Department of some of the pressure that can build up during busy times. This new initiative has meant that the department is making more money as more sales are being made because staff in the shop can deal with a larger percentage of people that come into the department rather than some customers walking off because they cant get served. The telesales team can also deal with a large number of people. The new telesales also means that John Lewis has entered a new market, the home shopping market, making John Lewis services available to more people. Such people include professionals who dont have time to go out on shopping trip because of the busy lives they lead. As noted earlier there are some areas where changes need to be made in order for Telesales to run more effectively for the Large Electrical Department. Telesales Partners should also be trained in product knowledge instead of just systems training. At the moment staff on Telesales are able to place orders for customers but cant actually advise and help the customer choose what appliance is best suited for them. Once again this brings up the question of why arent partners being trained to multi task? By allowing this sort of training the partnerships aims would be met more effectively.  Computerised Ordering System  So far in the time that the computerised ordering system has been in operation there havent been any major problems with Partners getting to grip with the system as it is a fairly user friendly. The name of the system is Customer Service Net and it provides just that, good customer services. The customer can see exactly what is being done for instance the information that the partner puts into the system as the order is being placed. This minimizes the chance of mistakes being made which were fairly common with the old ordering format. It also means that delivery areas have become much wider for the branch as the Large Electrical Department can delivery the goods via other branches using the system. This has helped the department meet another of the objectives that the Partnership has set.  The amount of paperwork has also decreased so after the customer has left the department the selling partner can move straight onto serving the next customer. This means that customers arent waiting as long to be served, and are happy as the whole process of buying goods from this department is easier.

BP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

BP - Essay Example As well, a statistical review of the last 44 years reveals the urgency in addressing the problem of oil industry disasters. The research analysis reveals that there are multi-level and diverse impacts of the oil industry on environment. These impacts are the result of the routine operations of the industry as well as because of the accidents and disasters that occur due to negligence. It is also seen that while BP promotes itself as a green energy company, it is however involved in violating environmental and safety norms with disastrous results as can be seen in the case of the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. The research provides several recommendations like developing an international agency for formulating a framework for oil industries to make them more environmentally responsible; to develop more coordinated framework of monitoring the oil companies’ performance; to make it mandatory for the oil companies to show transparency about their standards and processes and projects; a nd to generate public awareness about full impact that oil industry has the potential of making to the environment. Table of Contents Abstract Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Research Questions 1.5 Research aim and objectives 1.4 Significance of Research 1.5 Structure of Dissertation Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 Oil Extraction Leads to Disturbing the Natural Environment 2.2 Oil Transportation Hazards to the Natural Environment 2.3 Oil Usage and Its Impacts on the Environment 2.4 Environmental Standards for oil industry 2.5 Oil Spill Clean-up Methods 2.6 BP 2.6.1 Organizational Structure Supportive of Environmental Accountability 2.6.2 Operation Management and Environmental Management 2.6.3 Using Technology for Reducing Impact on Environment 2.6.4 Using Education to Create Environmental Awareness 2.6.5 Renewable Energy Products 2.7 Summary of Literature Review Chapter 3: Research Methodology 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Research Methods 3.2.1 Case Study Met hod 3.2.2 Statistical Analysis 3.4 Methods of Analysis 3.5 Research Validity and Reliability 3.6 Summary Chapter 4: Findings and Analysis 4.1 Case Study 4.1.1 Background Information 4.1.2 BP Performance on Environment 4.1.3 BP Safety Track Record 4.2 Comparative Analysis of Oil Disasters in Recent History 4.2.1 The Costs of Clean-up 4.2.2 Calculating the Level of Threat 4.3 Summary of Chapter Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations 5.1 Conclusions 5.1.1 Environmental Impacts of Oil Industry 5.1.2 BP and its Performance on Environment 5.2 Historic Perspective 5.3 Recommendations 5.3.1. There is a need to establish an internationally recognized organization that sets operational and maintenance standards for the oil industry 5.3.2. There is a need to make the oil industry operations and procedures more transparent. 5.3.3. There is a need for generating public interest and awareness of oil industry related impacts on the environment. 5.4 Limitations of Current Research and Scope for Future Research The oil industry: Assessing the impact of oil disasters on the environment through a case study of BP and its responsibility for the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig disaster Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Introduction The recent oil spill in the gulf of Mexico early in the year has once again provided experiential evidence of the disastrous impacts that oil and drilling operations may have on the natural

Decision Making Self-Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Decision Making Self-Analysis - Assignment Example These two are the most basic models of decision making that inspire the whole process (Elham, 2010). The rational model involves four stages that ought to be followed when making decisions. These steps comprise of identifying the problem, developing solutions, choosing a solution and executing as well as assessing the solution. These four stages represent the whole decision making process and provide for the necessary dynamics that guarantee the effectiveness of the process. Each stage in the rational model is of immense significance to the holistic process and should therefore be approached with care in order to achieve effective results. This model has some shortcomings including the absence of sufficient information that hinders decision making and the reality that a problem could transform within a short period of time (Schoorman & Acker-Hocevar, 2010). The normative model indicates that decision making has a number of components that characterize its application. Among these fea tures include restricted information processing, judgmental heuristics along with satisficing. Limited information processing underscores that fact that at any given time only a restricted degree of data can be used or processed for decision making. Judgmental heuristics, on the other hand, involves that consideration for purposes of decision making shortcuts are applied to make the process simpler. Satisficing on the other hand implies the selection of solutions that are more convenient and satisfy minimum requirements (Elham, 2010). Each model has strengths and weaknesses, which point towards their effectiveness and applicability in the vast process of decision making. The rational model is more practical and is effective in dealing with problems that require a substantive decision for the long term. However, this model does not take into account some of the realities of decision making like the absence of adequate information along with the changing nature of problems. The normat ive model is convenient when dealing with challenging situation that need creativity and distinctiveness in order to develop the solution but could be disastrous when applied on practical and rational situations. How to Self-Assess Decision-Making Styles Self-assessment is a crucial parameter in the field of decision making because it provides for room through which the decision maker can evaluate their decision. There are various styles of decision making that apply to different situations and serve a different purpose. Each style of decision making has a unique approach to decision making in the sense that each has a distinct set of parameters that govern the process of making a decision. Therefore, in considering the various methods of self-assessment each style of decision making must be considered in order to optimize the results. Since each style has different methods of approach, it is obvious that the methods of self-evaluation change with each respective style (Schoorman & Acker-Hocevar, 2010). As a result, it is actually impossible to self evaluate a decision or the process of making a decision without being aware of the style applied in the process. Therefore, for the decision maker to evaluate his decision or the process applied the key consideration is the relevant decision making style. Once the style has been factored it becomes convenient for

A Midsummer Nights Dream Drama Essay

A Midsummer Nights Dream Drama Essay A point to consider before bringing the individual character interpretations into play is how to contextualise the performances within the text as a whole. In other words, the characters are not mutually exclusive entities, rather, they are interactive and woven into the landscape of the play. Therefore, I would like to propose a general outline for the overall performance. There are many ways to perform A Midsummer Nights Dream, and the way I choose will affect elements of the characters. There have been many performances of Shakespearean drama, where the play is brought into the modern day. I however, would like to perform the play in its classic setting. I would like the play to retain its archaic time setting. It is a very self-reflexive play it is a play about staging a play. This highlights the idea of drama at its root the reheasrsal and work that goes into a play. I would like to leave the play in an olden day setting because it consolidates the idea of drama being detached from life through its artifice, and the play being set in a by-gone era further consolidates the idea of detaching drama from everyday life. (a) The first character I would like to look at is Lysander. He refuses to yield to Demetriuss demand for Hermias hand, and risks the wrath of Theseus by eloping with Hermia. This demonstrates not only the depth of his feeling for Hermia, but also his conviction in his own beliefs, and the courage to carry out these beliefs. The comic arc of Lysanders performance hits its climax after Puck has sprinkled the love potion into his eyes and he falls in love with Helena. I would perform the character with some hyperbole at this point, in order to convey the comic element of the text to the audience. The idea of Lysander challenging Demetrius to a duel in order to win Helenas hand is an example of the excessive behaviour and heightened action that brings much of the comedy into the play. It is a humour that comes from the reversal of the natural order Helena has gone from being desperately in love with Demetrius and being scorned by him to being the object of both mens affection, for example. This reversal in the behaviour of Lysander is something Id like to highlight in performance. I think a change in demeanor, and in vocal qualities could highlight this. At the beginning of the play, Lysander is portrayed as a romantic hero. I would convey this to the audience through his appearance; ideally, the role would be filled by a tall, handsome man. I would like him to wear a costume of light material symbolising the innocence of the true lovers (Hermias description of themselves). As I would like to keep the play true to its chromatic origins, I would like Lysander to wear a type of Athenean costume, which he could change when he enters the wood. I would like all the characters to change their costumes when they enter the forest, to represent the immense change in their environment. I would like him to don a more earthy, swarthy coloured robe, such as green, to convey the pastoral environment to the audience. I would like to focus on how the character of Lysander should be performed during the sequence in which he challenges Demetrius to a duel. The interpretation that I would like to convey to the audience is one of escalating absurdity, which contributes to humour. This would be done through the props, delivery, vocal quality, paralinguistic features and a demonstration of how Lysander relates to Demetrius in this section: Lysander Helen, I love thee. By my life I do. I swear by that which I will lose for thee To prove him false that says I love thee not. Demetrius I say I love thee more than he can do. Lysander If thou say so, withdraw, and prove it too. (Scene III, Act II, lines 251-256) There is a strong sense of rhythm in these lines, and also rhyme, which contribute to the tension and sense of heightened action. I would like the actor to highlight the rhythm in his delivery. I would like Lysander to adopt a masculine stance, and to circle Dimitrius, expanding his movement around the stage, owning the stage, as it were, using the entire stage to convey to the audience that he feels he owns the space, as he prowls around it. Demetrius A character trait that emerges from the text is the point where he tells the infatuated Helena that when he says, Tempt not too much the hatred of my spirit;/For I am sick when I do look on thee. (Scene II Act I, lines 211-212). This utterance evokes a sense of his cruel nature, a pejorative view of Demetrius which is further consolidated when we examine the first first scene of the first act. When Lysander and Hermia are told that they cannot marry, Demetruis tells them they should let him have his certain right. (Scene I Act I line 92). There is subsequently a huge change in Demetruis when he falls back in love with Helena at the end of the play. This is indicative of a softening of his character a change which I feel should be represented visually in performance. In order to convey Demetruiss somewhat cruel, righteous nature to the audience, I think the actor should appropriate a certain demeanor. Body language could be used to demonstrate his confident, cocky side. For example, he could strut, use large gestures and also make use of all of the stage space exercising his self imposed right to the stage space in the same way that he wants to exercise his right to Hermias hand. I would like his costume to be dark colours such as a rich red and flamboyant design, to contrast with Lysanders. The vocal qualities should also demonstrate these traits. He only has two lines in scene I, act one, so it is very important how these are represented, as they will be the first impression the audience have of him. Demetriuss lines are: Relent, sweet Hermia; and, Lysander, yield Thy crazed title to my certain right. (Scene I, Act I, lines 91-92) The way in which this line is performed is very important. As the tormented lovers, the audience feels very strongly for Hermia and Lysander, to whom the presence of Demetrius is an invasive one. I would therefore also like to convey to the audience this sense of invasion. When Demetrius says, Relent, sweet Hermia I would like him to walk up to Hermia, and put his arm around her, caressing her with his other hand, turning them both away from Lysander. When he speaks to Lysander, Demetrius should keep his back to Lysander, but turn his head to face him, so that his line is like an aside, as if he does not respect him. The words crazed title should be accompanied by paralinguistic features, such as an outstretching arm to convey to the audience how much Demetrius does not want Lysander and Hermia to marry. Finally, the word my should be over emphasized to convey that Demetrius strongly feels that Hermia should be his, whether she loves him or not, because of the wishes of her father. His character, and especially his behaviour towards Helana changes at the end of the play. Whilst in the earlier stages of the play, he is confident, using large gestures and a lot of stage space, at the end of the play, I would like him to express a more tender side to the audience, to convey the development of his character: That we are awake? It seems to me That yet we sleep, we dream. Do not you think The duke was here, and bid us follow him? (Scene IV, Act I, lines 192-194) This line should be used to convey character development to the audience as it contrasts so strongly with his opening line the use of you in contrast to my for example. There is also a confusion in this utterance, which contrast with the confidence in the first lines. Helena At the beginning of the play, Helena is portrayed as hapless; the scorned lover who has been wooed by Demetrius and then ignored in favour of Hermia. However, like Demetrius, Helena demonstrates a massive character development and transformation. Like Lysander, the arc of her character trajectory reaches its crescendo after Puck has sprinkled the love potion in Lysander and Demetriuss eyes. When they both try to woo her, she feels they are mocking her, and gets angry. To best convey the transformation in her character between before and after the love potion has been dispensed, Id like to consider how vocal quality and demeanor can be used in two of her utterances: Call you me fair? That fair again unsay. Demetrius loves your fair. O happy fair! Sickness is catching. O, were favour so, Yours would I catch, fair Hermia, ere I go. O, teach me how you look, and with what art You sway the motion of Demetrius heart. (Scene I, Act I, lines 181-194) This except is from a long speech in which Helena proceeds to extol the virtues of Hermia, with whom Demetrius is infatuated. The key message I would like to convey to the audience from this speech is the idea that Helena is confused, upset and slightly jealous of Hermia. She is asking Hermia how she won the heart of Demetrius. In order to convey this dejection to the audience, I think the delivery of this speech should involve some rhetoric while Helena is asking Hermia how she wooed him, and saying how fair Hermia is, my interpretation of this speech is that it is a melancholy meditation on the loss of her love. She is not looking for external answers, rather internal answers, and so it is questions she is asking herself. This could be expressed to the audience by the character of Helena distancing her self physically from the group this would be a visual symbol of her isolation. Her demeanor and body language would be hunched and dejected, and her voice subdued and hushed The other speech that is a seminal moment in the performance of Helen is when she feels she is being mocked by the two men, and gets angry. Clearly her relationship with Demetrius is changed when he falls in love with her. While she may be unaware of it, the hierarchy of the relationship has been overturned, and she has now adopted a position of power. In her speech, she says: O spite! O hell! I see you are all bent To set against me for your merriment. If you were civil and knew courtesy You would not do me thus much injury. (Scene III, Act II, lines 145-148) This speech can be used to great effect to demonstrate the performance possibilities of this role. The demeanor and vocal qualities performing this speech would require differ hugely to the earlier one with a louder voice, delivery directed at the other characters and inflated body language required. Hermia Hermia is represented in the play as a strong, defiant young woman, prepared to take risks in order to fulfil her own desires. This is exemplified in her refusal to bow down to her fathers wish that she marry Demetrius. In the face of a death sentence, or life in a nunnery, she escapes with Lysander into the forest. Lysanders love for Hermia, along with Demetriuss desire, demonstrate that she is an attractive and desirable young woman. These are two important points Id like to consider when constructing the performance of Hermia. I would like to convey to the audience her inner strength and determination, alongside her physical attractiveness. The notion of physical attractiveness could be conveyed primarily through costume and appearance. As Hermia is clearly a woman of considerable charm (illustrated when Helena asks her what charm she used to capture Demetruiss heart), her costume should reflect this. As it is believed that she unwittingly won over Demetrius (this is an ambiguity in the text it is possible that Demetrius loves her because her father is so impressed by him) I would also like to impress upon the audience a sense of naivete and innocence. The obvious symbolic colour of this is white. White would also look striking under the stage lights. I would use floaty fabrics for the costumes, such as organza, to communicate the ethereal quality of not only Hermia herself, but also the forest, and the magic contained within it. When Hermia leaves Athens and escapes to the forest, I would like her to adopt a robe over her dress, of green, to convey to the audience, through her change in costume, that a change is impending in the play. While the charm and beauty of the character of Hermia will be communicated visually, the inner strength and courage that I interpret as being key elements of her character, will be communicated through her demeanor. It is commonly understood in the study of body language that confident people stand up straight, unlike shy people, who hunch up, in a subconscious decision to take up less space. In this way, stage space becomes an important indicator of personality. I have mentioned before that I would, at certain points in the text like characters to use the whole space of the stage to convey a sense of confidence. I would like the performance of Hermia to adopt a comfortable use of the entire stage space. More specifically, I would like to refer to one speech that I feel is very important in the text, in Scene I, Act I, when Hermia is talking to Theseus with regards to her desire to marry Lysander: So will I grow, so live, so die, my lord, Ere I will yield my virgin patent up Unto his lordship whose unwished yoke My soul consents not to give soveregnity. (Scene I, Act I, lines 79-82) This speech is an important point at the text because Hermia makes clear her intentions to avoid marriage to Demetrius. It is a very dramatic, sensitive piece. This speech should be delivered with intensity, to convey to the audience the depth of Hermias feelings for Lysander. The performance should include some paralinguistic features such as moving around the stage, facial expressions and hand movements to express her feelings visually. Theseus My understanding of Theseus is that he is a very complex character there is conflicting evidence in the text as to his true nature. There is one utterance in the text that brings up questions regarding his true nature, when he is talking to Hippolyta and he says that: Hippolyta, I wooed thee with my sword, And won thy love doing thee injuries; But I will wed thee in another key: (Scene I, Act I, lines 16-18) My interpretation of this line is that Theseus raped Hippolyta. The implications of this in terms of how the character should be performed are vast. In much of the text, Theseus is represented as a pensive, thoughtful man. He kindly advises Hermia to Take time to pause (Scene I, Act I, line 83) when discussing the situation with her father Egeus. This scene presents him as rational and kindly. The suggestion of rape in line 16 makes the line highly important, the suggestion I would like to convey to the audience is the idea that Theseus is warning Hippolyta. In bringing the issue of the rape to the forefront, he is reminding her of the power balance in their relationship. There is also possibly some penitence in this admission. This could be communicated to the audience through the use of certain vocal qualities, demeanor and stage space. Back to: Example Essays I would like Theseuss sense of power to be conveyed to the audience in a visual way, so he would deliver this speech standing, and walking around, whilst the character of Hippolyta would be sitting down. The discrepancy in their heights would be a visual representation of the hierarchy, which would further consolidate what Theseus was saying. This is such a patriarchal power play that props could be used to represent a sense of phallocentricity such as a sceptre a regal and phallic symbol. The use of this prop could convey to the audience my interpretation of Theseus as being the patriarchal and dominant force in the opening of the play. His kingdom is run on a set of rigid rules for example, Egeus invoking the ancient law of Athens as Hermia wants to marry Lysander. This is in stark contrast to the forest the mysterious, feminine arena which is the binary opposite of Athens. In terms of demeanor, Theseus should be calm, and considered in his movements. I would like his costume to be of dark colours, and of neat, clean lines. This operates in contrast to Hermias costume the white of her costume is a symbol of innocence while the dark of Theseuss costume is aligned with the dark side he hints at in this speech.

Color Essays -- essays research papers

Color is sensed when white light bounces off an object and is reflected into the eye. Objects appear different colors depending on what colors were absorbed and which were reflected. Color is "seen" by the rods and cones in the eye. Cones detect color and rods detect black, white, and shades of gray. People who cannot see colors properly are colorblind. There are many different kinds of colors and they are classified in many different ways (The World Book Encyclopedia p 818, 819). The eye consists of many parts. The part of the eye you can see when you look at someone consists of four parts. The colored part of the eye where the light enters is called the iris. The white part around the iris is the conjunctiva and episclera. This part also contains blood vessels. The cornea is the clear covering of the iris and pupil. The cornea contains no blood vessels. The lens is located behind the iris. The lens is used to focus, as in the cornea, but the lens can move. The retina is responsible for telling the brain what a person is seeing. They determine all the different parts of what is being seen. It then codes them to electrical signals for the brain (Cassel p 4-10). Rods and cones are in the retina. There are three kinds of cones. Each cone can sense a different color. Rods are used when a person is in dim light (Hubel p 162). The optic nerve is what sends all these messages to the brain (Cassel p 261). Sometimes people have difficulty telling colors apart. This is called colorblindness (Webster's Dictionary, p 281). Sometimes colorblindness is hereditary. Other times there is a problem with the message reception from the optic nerve. Another problem can lie in the retina. People can have trouble recognizing colors because of certain drugs. People are diagnosed as being colorblind by taking tests. They look at different colored numbers that are in order by their color. This way they can be diagnosed as being colorblind in certain areas (Cassel p 52). A person can have different extents of colorblindness depending on what the problem is. A person can be colorblind because t... ...ht or white the colors will appear reversed. Red becomes green, and yellow becomes blue (The World Book Encyclopedia p 820, 819). A quote about afterimages was given by Johannes Ilten: "It has been psychologically proven that the afterimage as well as the simultaneous effect show the strange and so far inexplicable fact that our eye demands for a given color it's complementary completing and produces it on it's own if it is not provided" (Tritten p C43). Color is a product of many different things. We physically see color by the light hitting the retina and being absorbed by the rods and cones. Colors are distinguished by sorting them into categories. These could include tint, shade, tone, chroma, value, or hue. It could also be determined by whether a color is primary, secondary, intermediate, or complementary. The illusion of different colors can be created by the colors around a color or placing bits of color very close together as in a television. Afterimages create the opposite of colors. All color is a product of light. Without light, we would only be able to see in black and white (The World Book Encyclopedia p 818, 819, 822, 823).

Keeping the Family Tradition Alive Essay

I started keeping my family tradition of canning alive last summer. My family has canned for years and there is nothing better than opening up something I have canned on my own and thinking of the people who shared this tradition with me. Traditions are very important to keep going in families around the world. Traditions are very broad anything from what people do on holidays to cooking. My family tradition is very important to me. I knew last year that if I didn’t learn some of my family’s secret recipes while my grandmother and mom are still with us than there would be a chance that my family would never be able to taste the wonderful flavors my family has put together over the years and my family has looked so forward to the taste that we have grown to love. Before I begin canning, I must gather all the materials that I need to get started. The first step is the selection of the tomatoes. I pick all of my tomatoes from my own garden they are so much better than anything from the grocery store. Last year I used better boy tomatoes and roma tomatoes. The roma tomatoes are great to use because they have fewer seeds, thicker, meatier walls and less water. And that means thicker sauce in less cooking time! Also, I don’t want mushy, bruised or rotten tomatoes. Next I remove the tomato skins this is very important. Nothing worse than eating spaghetti and having to chew on a piece of skin left behind. Here’s a trick my grandma taught me: put the tomatoes, a few at a time in a large pot of boiling water for no more than 1 minute. Then I plunge them into a waiting bowl of ice water. This makes the skins slide right off of the tomatoes. If the skins are left on then they become tough and chewy in the sauce, not very pleasant. Now I must remove the seeds and water. After peeling the skins off the tomatoes, I cut the tomatoes in half. I remove the seeds and excess water. I call it the squeeze of the seeds. It is just like it sounds: wash hands then squeeze each tomato and I use my thumb or a spoon to scoop and shake out most of the seeds. I do leave some of the seeds because that is my preference. I toss the squeezed tomatoes into a colander or drainer while I work on the others. By draining the water off now, I end up with a thicker spaghetti sauce in less cooking time. The next step I must do is to get the lids and jars sanitized. The dishwasher is fine for the jars, especially if it has a â€Å"sanitize† cycle. I get that going while I’m preparing everything else, so it’s done by the time I’m ready to fill the jars. While the jars and lids are being sanitized I begin getting that spaghetti sauce going. I take my onions, garlic, basil, oregano, bay leaves, green peppers, lemon juice, salt, pepper, and my burgundy and place them all in the pot first. After I get the onions and pepper a little tender I add all the tomatoes and bring to a simmer. Cook down the tomatoes until the sauce is my desired thickness. I usually let my sauce cook for about two hours. The last step I call canning time. While my sauce is simmering I get my water bath canner ready. I go ahead and feel the water up and get it boiling. I start a small pot of water boiling to put the lids in so that the lids can sanitize and helps the lids seal. When the sauce is ready I place the jar funnel on the jar and I fill them to within ? inch of the top and set the lid and hand ’tighten the ring on. I place the jars in the water bath and cook for about 20mins. I then use the jar grabber and pull the jars out one at a time and let them cool draft-free place. Once the jars are cool, I check that they are sealed verifying that the lid has been sucked down. I press down in the center gently with my finger. If it pops up and down then it is not sealed. If it don’t seal than I just replace the lid and do the canning time again. Now that all the steps are complete, I listen to all the little pings going on telling me that my hard work has paid off. I am so glad that I have learned the family tradition of canning. My grandmother has gotten older and doesn’t can anymore. Out of all my family it is just my mom, Aunt Susan, and myself left doing the canning. It was a nice reward to my sole a few weeks ago when I had my grandmother over for dinner. I had canned some beets and decided that was the day to open them. When my grandmother tried them she said, â€Å"These taste just like mine. † To hear her say that meant so much to me. I couldn’t image not having the taste of what I grew up with because they don’t sell it in the grocery store. This is why I am keeping my family tradition going and teaching my girls. We never know when our love ones are not going to be here anymore. If I can’t have my family with me I at least want to be able to remember them by creating what they have thought me. If people have something in their family that is done by others and would not want to miss it after that person is gone than learn how that special someone does it. I did that’s why I will always have that special connection with canning and my family.

What Is Compounding in the English Language

In English grammar, compounding is the process of combining two words (free morphemes) to create a new word (commonly a noun, verb, or adjective). Also called composition, it is from the Latin for  put together. Compounds are written sometimes as one word (sunglasses), sometimes as two hyphenated words (life-threatening), and sometimes as two separate words (football stadium). Compounding is the most common type of word-formation in English. Types of Compounds Compounding exists in several different forms and parts of speech, including the following: Compound AdjectiveCompound AdverbCompound NounCompound TenseCompound VerbExocentric CompoundRhyming CompoundRoot Compound and Synthetic CompoundSuspended Compound Examples and Observations Compounds are not limited to two words, as shown by examples such as bathroom towel-rack and community center finance committee. Indeed, the process of compounding seems unlimited in English: starting with a word like sailboat, we can easily construct the compound sailboat rigging, from which we can, in turn, create sailboat rigging design, sailboat rigging design training, sailboat rigging design training institute, and so on.(Adrian Akmajian et al., Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication. MIT Press, 2001)Trammell was, Hollenbeck said, just  a loud-mouthed  backslapping small-town handshaker whos got a job much too big for him.†(Loren Ghiglione,  CBSs Don Hollenbeck. Columbia University Press, 2008)Buffy: No actual witches in your witch group?Willow: No. Bunch of wannablessedbes. You know, nowadays every girl with a henna tattoo and a spice rack thinks shes a sister to the dark ones.(Sarah Michelle Gellar and Alyson Hannigan in Hush. Buffy the Vampire Slayer, 1999) Stress Test Typically a compound begins as a kind of clichà ©, two words that are frequently found together, as are air cargo or light colored. If the association persists, the two words often turn into a compound, sometimes with a meaning that is simply the sum of the parts (light switch), sometimes with some sort of figurative new sense (moonshine). The semantic relationships of the parts can be of all kinds: a window cleaner cleans windows, but a vacuum cleaner does not clean vacuums. We can be sure we have a compound when the primary stress moves forward; normally a modifier will be less heavily stressed than the word it modifies, but in compounds, the first element is always more heavily stressed. (Kenneth G. Wilson, The Columbia Guide to Standard American English. Columbia University Press, 1993) Distinguishing Features of Compounds [In most compounds] the rightmost morpheme determines the category of the entire word. Thus, greenhouse is a noun because its rightmost component is a noun, spoonfeed is a verb because feed also belongs to this category, and nationwide is an adjective just as wide is... English orthography is not consistent in representing compounds, which are sometimes written as single words, sometimes with an intervening hyphen, and sometimes as separate words. In terms of pronunciation, however, there is an important generalization to be made. In particular, adjective-noun compounds are characterized by a more prominent stress on their first component... A second distinguishing feature of compounds in English is that tense and plural markers cannot typically be attached to the first element, although they can be added to the compound as a whole. (There are some exceptions, however, such as passers-by and parks supervisor.) (William OGrady, J. Archibald, M. Aronoff, and J. Rees-Miller, Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction. Bedford/St. Martins, 2001) Plurals of Compounds Compounds generally follow the regular rule by adding the regular -s inflection to their last element. . . . The following two compounds are exceptional in taking the inflection on the first element: passer-by/passers-bylistener-in/listeners-in A few compounds ending in -ful usually take the plural inflection on the last element, but have a less common plural with the inflection on the first element: mouthful/mouthfuls or mouthsfulspoonful/spoonfuls or spoonsful Compounds ending in -in-law allow the plural either on the first element or (informally) on the last element: sister-in-law/sisters-in-law or sister-in-laws (Sidney Greenbaum, Oxford English Grammar. Oxford University Press, 1996) Compounds in the Dictionary Evidently, the definition of what counts as a single dictionary entry is fluid and allows for very wide margins; any attempt at further precision is impossible because of the unlimited potential for compounding and derivation. The OED [Oxford English Dictionary] policy on compounds and derivatives is indicative of how blurred the line between a headword and a compound or a derivative can be: Compounds are frequently collected together in a section or group of sections at or near the end of an entry. They are followed by a quotation paragraph in which examples of each compound are presented in alphabetical order of the compound. Some major compounds are entered as headwords in their own right. . . . Clearly, the size of the dictionary records exceeds by far the vocabulary of an individual speaker. (Donka Minkova and Robert Stockwell, English Words. The Handbook of English Linguistics, ed. by Bas Aarts and April McMahon. Blackwell, 2006) Compounding in Shakespeares King Lear Shakespeare seized upon the inherent creative energies of English compounding and transformed them into art. Examples abound throughout his oeuvre, but  King Lear  shines an especially bright spotlight on his combinatorial craft. . . . First, we behold Lear’s compounding rage. He agonizes over one daughter’s sharp-toothed unkindness  and wills the fen-sucked fogs  to foul her. After another daughter also repudiates him, Lear offers his submission to hot-blooded France  and invokes the Thunder-bearer, high-judging Jove. . . . Next, we learn of nature’s compounding wildness. A gentleman reports that a raving Lear is out roving a desolate, storm-struck heath, where he strives in his little world of man to out-scorn/The to-and-fro-conflicting wind and rain  from which even the cub-drawn bear and belly-pinched wolf  seek shelter. Lear is only accompanied by his loyal fool, who labors to out-jest/ His heart-struck injuries. . . . Amid the forceful modifiers of oak-cleaving and all-shaking are the thought-executing vaunt-couriers: lightning bolts. (John Kelly, Forget His Coinages, Shakespeare’s Real Genius Lies in His Noggin-Busting Compounds. Slate, May 16, 2016) The Lighter Side of Compounding My dad didnt read things like Playboy or National Enquirer. He was a science nerd with a crew cut, plastic pocket protectors, and a bow tie, and the only magazines at our house were Scientific American and National Geographic.  I felt more connected to Karens loud, messy, National Enquirer-reading, Twinkie-eating, Coca-Cola-drinking, station wagon-driving, bust-enhancing household than to my polite, organized, National Geographic–reading, bean sprout, and tofu-serving, mind-improving, VW bus-driving household. (Wendy Merrill,  Falling Into Manholes: The Memoir of a Bad/Good Girl. Penguin, 2008)Hey! If any of you are looking for any last-minute gift ideas for me, I have one. Id like Frank Shirley, my boss, right here tonight. I want him brought from his happy holiday slumber over there on Melody Lane with all the other rich people, and I want him brought right here, with a big ribbon on his head, and I want to look him straight in the eye, and I want to tell him what a chea p, lying, no-good, rotten, four-flushing, low-life, snake-licking, dirt-eating, inbred, overstuffed, ignorant, blood-sucking, dog-kissing, brainless, . . . hopeless, heartless, fat-ass, bug-eyed, stiff-legged, spotty-lipped, worm-headed sack of monkey...he is! Hallelujah!... Wheres the Tylenol? (Chevy Chase as Clark Griswold in  National Lampoons Christmas Vacation, 1989)